{"id":8501,"date":"2016-09-21T09:08:32","date_gmt":"2016-09-21T14:08:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.servimatango.com\/blog\/?p=8501"},"modified":"2019-06-07T09:28:11","modified_gmt":"2019-06-07T14:28:11","slug":"codificacion-diferencial-dpcm-adpcm-adm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/codificacion-diferencial-dpcm-adpcm-adm\/","title":{"rendered":"Codificaci\u00f3n diferencial (DPCM, ADPCM, ADM)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La codificaci\u00f3n PCM es la base de una familia de codificaci\u00f3n ampliamente utilizada que se basa en la fuerte correlaci\u00f3n que existe entre las muestras sucesivas de una fuente de audio. En lugar de codificar las propias muestras, parece razonable codificar la diferencia entre muestras sucesivas. Existen tres tipos de codificaci\u00f3n diferencial:<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Principio de la codificaci\u00f3n DPCM <\/p>\n<p>El codificador DPCM se basa en el principio de que existe una correlaci\u00f3n entre muestras sucesivas y que, por consiguiente, es posible predecir el valor de la muestra n + 1 a partir de las muestras n, n \u2212 1 y n \u2212 2, etc. Por lo tanto, basta con codificar \u00fanicamente la diferencia entre una muestra xn y la predicci\u00f3n de xn. En el caso de la codificaci\u00f3n DPCM, la predicci\u00f3n de xn es sencillamente el valor de la muestra anterior xn \u2013 1. En un caso m\u00e1s general, puede emplearse la predicci\u00f3n lineal, y se obtiene la codificaci\u00f3n ADPCM. <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Principio de la codificaci\u00f3n ADPCM <\/p>\n<p>La predicci\u00f3n para este tipo de codificador se obtiene mediante un bucle de retroalimentaci\u00f3n: tras la cuantificaci\u00f3n, se resta el error. En la predicci\u00f3n adaptativa se emplea la funci\u00f3n de autocorrelaci\u00f3n de corta duraci\u00f3n calculada en partes de se\u00f1al con duraci\u00f3n no superior a 20 ms. La muestra xn se predice mediante una cierta combinaci\u00f3n de las p muestras anteriores. <\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Principio de la codificaci\u00f3n ADM <\/p>\n<p>La codificaci\u00f3n modulaci\u00f3n delta adaptativa (ADM) con escal\u00f3n adaptativo es similar a la codificaci\u00f3n ADPCM descrita m\u00e1s arriba. La diferencia principal estriba en el hecho de que la diferencia entre la muestra actual xn y la predicha xn se cuantifica con una determinada granularidad y, por lo tanto, el escal\u00f3n de cuantificaci\u00f3n es variable; o lo que es lo mismo, la diferencia se cuantifica en varios niveles. Los escalones de cuantificaci\u00f3n son proporcionales a la varianza de la se\u00f1al de entrada x. La codificaci\u00f3n ADM utilizada en las aplicaciones audio en Internet se denomina ADPCM DVI, aunque se basa en el mismo principio. El algoritmo calcula la diferencia entre el valor la muestra actual y el predicho, la cual se cuantifica con 4 bits y luego se suma al valor predicho anteriormente para obtener la predicci\u00f3n de la siguiente muestra.<\/p>\n<p>Tomado de: https:\/\/www.itu.int\/ITU-D\/cyb\/publications\/2003\/IP-tel_report-es.pdf<\/p>\n<p>\n<div id=\"rev_slider_3_1_wrapper\" class=\"rev_slider_wrapper fullwidthbanner-container\" style=\"float:left;background-color:#E9E9E9;padding:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;\">\n<!-- START REVOLUTION SLIDER 5.0.9 auto mode -->\n\t<div id=\"rev_slider_3_1\" class=\"rev_slider fullwidthabanner\" style=\"display:none;\" data-version=\"5.0.9\">\n<ul>\t<!-- SLIDE  -->\n\t<li data-index=\"rs-28\" data-transition=\"random\" data-slotamount=\"7\"  data-easein=\"default\" data-easeout=\"default\" data-masterspeed=\"300\"  data-thumb=\"\"  data-rotate=\"0\"  data-saveperformance=\"off\"  class=\"voipswitch videos subtitulos\" id=\"voipswitch videos subtitulos\" voipswitch videos subtitulos data-title=\"SubtitulosTexto\" data-description=\"\">\n\t\t<!-- MAIN IMAGE -->\n\t\t<img src=\"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/revslider\/admin\/assets\/images\/dummy.png\"  alt=\"\"  width=\"879\" height=\"51\" data-lazyload=\"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/revslider\/admin\/assets\/images\/transparent.png\" data-bgposition=\"center top\" data-bgfit=\"cover\" data-bgrepeat=\"no-repeat\" class=\"rev-slidebg\" data-no-retina>\n\t\t<!-- LAYERS -->\n\n\t\t<!-- LAYER NR. 1 -->\n\t\t<div class=\"tp-caption   tp-resizeme\" \n\t\t\t id=\"slide-28-layer-2\" \n\t\t\t data-x=\"\" \n\t\t\t data-y=\"1\" \n\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-width=\"['none','none','none','none']\"\n\t\t\tdata-height=\"['none','none','none','none']\"\n\t\t\tdata-transform_idle=\"o:1;\"\n \n\t\t\t data-transform_in=\"opacity:0;s:300;e:Power2.easeInOut;\" \n\t\t\t data-transform_out=\"opacity:0;s:300;s:300;\" \n\t\t\tdata-start=\"500\" \n\t\t\tdata-responsive_offset=\"on\" \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tstyle=\"z-index: 5;\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rs-looped disabled\" ><img src=\"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/revslider\/admin\/assets\/images\/dummy.png\" alt=\"\" data-ww=\"879\" data-hh=\"51\" data-lazyload=\"https:\/\/www.servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/fondo-en-degradado-con-signod-copia.jpg\" data-no-retina> \n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<!-- LAYER NR. 2 -->\n\t\t<div class=\"tp-caption mediumbgorange   tp-resizeme\" \n\t\t\t id=\"slide-28-layer-1\" \n\t\t\t data-x=\"6\" \n\t\t\t data-y=\"5\" \n\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-width=\"['653']\"\n\t\t\tdata-height=\"['41']\"\n\t\t\tdata-transform_idle=\"o:1;\"\n \n\t\t\t data-transform_in=\"opacity:0;s:300;e:Power3.easeInOut;\" \n\t\t\t data-transform_out=\"auto:auto;s:300;\" \n\t\t\tdata-start=\"500\" \n\t\t\tdata-splitin=\"none\" \n\t\t\tdata-splitout=\"none\" \n\t\t\tdata-responsive_offset=\"on\" \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tstyle=\"z-index: 6; 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height=\"262\" data-lazyload=\"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/fondo-slider-con-letras52.jpg\" data-bgposition=\"center top\" data-bgfit=\"cover\" data-bgrepeat=\"no-repeat\" class=\"rev-slidebg\" data-no-retina>\n\t\t<!-- LAYERS -->\n\t<\/li>\n\t<!-- SLIDE  -->\n\t<li data-index=\"rs-18\" data-transition=\"random\" data-slotamount=\"7\"  data-easein=\"default\" data-easeout=\"default\" data-masterspeed=\"300\"  data-link=\"http:\/\/www.serverpbx.com\/central-telefonica-pagos.php\"   data-slideindex=\"back\" data-thumb=\"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/fondo-slider-con-letras61-100x50.jpg\"  data-rotate=\"0\"  data-saveperformance=\"off\"  data-title=\"Slide\" data-description=\"\">\n\t\t<!-- MAIN IMAGE -->\n\t\t<img src=\"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/revslider\/admin\/assets\/images\/dummy.png\"  alt=\"\"  width=\"879\" height=\"262\" 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por el Tuyo.<\/p>\n<p>Y T\u00fa, \u00bfTienes lo Que le Hace Falta para Ser un VERDADERO EMPRENDEDOR@?<\/p>\n<p>Tu Empresa de Telefon\u00eda VoIP est\u00e1 dise\u00f1ada para que administres, gestiones y monitorees sus herramientas sin complicaciones o necesidad de conocimientos t\u00e9cnicos.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Genera <strong>CLIENTES<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>Ingresa <strong>PROVEEDORES<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>Forma <strong>DISTRIBUIDORES<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>ServerVoip <\/strong>presenta el mejor server fisico dedicado para telefonia voip que incluye el software de telefon\u00eda ip \u00abVoipSwitch\u00bb especial para voz sobre ip.<\/p>\n<p><strong>VoipSwitch <\/strong>es la plataforma ideal para que sin necesidad de conocimientos t\u00e9cnicos crees tu propia empresa de Telefon\u00eda IP VoIP y encuentres una forma de ganar DINERO en la red siendo carrier de telefon\u00eda sobre Ip (Voip). <\/p>\n<p>Te brindamos todas las herramientas para que est\u00e9s al nivel de las grandes empresas y negocios; puedas obsequiar llamadas gratis como estrategia de marketing en fidelizaci\u00f3n a tus clientes \/ free entre tus clientes; el servidor VoIP te permite utilizar m\u00faltiples proveedores como nosotros tenemos <a href=\"http:\/\/www.alosip.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> www.alosip.com.<\/a> (carrier \/ routes) para un mismo destino, vender terminaci\u00f3n (wholesale), clientes finales (retail), etc.<\/p>\n<p>El software te proporciona todo lo que necesitas; sistema llave en mano: para crear tu empresa de telefon\u00eda IP (VoIP) bajo tu propio nombre o marca. M\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n en  <a href=\"http:\/\/marcablanca.servervoip.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">marcaBlanca.servervoip.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Para que CREES y DESARROLLES tu propia empresa de telefonia por internet, revisa m\u00e1s detalles en <a href=\"http:\/\/www.servervoip.com\/voipswitch\/\">VoIPSwitch<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00bfQuieres Emprender por Internet?<\/h1>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00abAhora Trabajar desde la Comodidad de tu Casa y Ganar Dinero por Internet&#8230; Nunca Hab\u00eda Sido tan F\u00e1cil, R\u00e1pido y con RESULTADOS Impresionantes\u00bb<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Descubre el NEGOCIO Perfecto y convi\u00e9rtete en un EMPRESARIO de \u00c9xito creando y desarrollando tu Propia Empresa de Telefon\u00eda por Internet. <strong>Suscr\u00edbete y RECIBE FREE<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a1Sie7e Poderosas Razones Que Tiene el EMPRENDEDOR Exitoso para Crear su Propia Empresa de Telefon\u00eda por Internet VoIP!&#8230;<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1229 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/servimatango.com\/negocios-rentables\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/libro-server-voip-241x300.png\" alt=\"libro server voip\" width=\"241\" height=\"300\" \/><br \/>\n[st_accordion div_margin_bottom=\u00bb15&#8243; initial_open=\u00bb0&#8243; multi_open=\u00bbyes\u00bb wrapper_padding_top=\u00bb0&#8243; wrapper_padding_left=\u00bb0&#8243; wrapper_padding_bottom=\u00bb0&#8243; wrapper_padding_right=\u00bb0&#8243; wrapper_bg_opacity_slider=\u00bb\u00bb wrapper_bg_opacity=\u00bb50&#8243; wrapper_border_style=\u00bboutset\u00bb wrapper_rounded_topleft=\u00bb3&#8243; id_wrapper=\u00bbelm_5c828b0bd3fa6&#8243; ][st_item_accordion heading=\u00bb<img class=aligncenter src=http:\/\/servimatango.com\/negocios-rentables\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Boton-descarga-reporte.gif alt=Reporte width=500 height=145 \/>\u00bb id_wrapper=\u00bbelm_5c828b0bd3f58&#8243; ]<center><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"http:\/\/app.getresponse.com\/view_webform.js?wid=10619501&#038;u=kSvx\"><\/script><\/center>[\/st_item_accordion][\/st_accordion]<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.servimatango.com\/blog\/desventajas-telefonia-ip\/\">Desventajas al Usar la Telefonia por Internet (VoIP)<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La codificaci\u00f3n PCM es la base de una familia de codificaci\u00f3n ampliamente utilizada que se basa en la fuerte correlaci\u00f3n que existe entre las muestras sucesivas de una fuente de audio. En lugar de codificar las propias muestras, parece razonable codificar la diferencia entre muestras sucesivas. Existen tres tipos de codificaci\u00f3n diferencial: \u2022 Principio de&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"excerpt-read-more btn btn-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/codificacion-diferencial-dpcm-adpcm-adm\/\" title=\"ReadCodificaci\u00f3n diferencial (DPCM, ADPCM, ADM)\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8502,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[13],"tags":[2699,2698,135,133,2696,2697,21,18,253],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8501"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8501"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8501\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8502"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8501"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8501"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8501"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}