{"id":5247,"date":"2016-07-27T14:48:41","date_gmt":"2016-07-27T19:48:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.servimatango.com\/blog\/?p=5247"},"modified":"2019-06-11T10:52:55","modified_gmt":"2019-06-11T15:52:55","slug":"funcionamiento-de-los-codecs-en-voip","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/funcionamiento-de-los-codecs-en-voip\/","title":{"rendered":"Funcionamiento de los codecs en VoIP"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Los codecs trabajan utilizando algoritmos avanzados permitiendo tomar las muestras,  ordenas, comprimir y empaquetar los datos. El algor itmo m\u00e1s com\u00fan en aplicaciones VoIP  es el algoritmo  CS-ACELP (Conj\u00fagate Structure Algebraic Code Excite d Linear  Prediction ), este algoritmo tambi\u00e9n ayuda a organizar el anch o de banda disponible. En el  anexo B del algoritmo CS-ACELP aplica una regla en  comunicaciones VoIP, la cual indica  que: si nadie est\u00e1 transmitiendo, no mandar ninguna informaci\u00f3n, consiguiendo una gran  eficiencia, caracter\u00edstica de las redes basadas en  la conmutaci\u00f3n de paquetes.   <\/p>\n<p>Los codecs cumplen el trabajo de convertir las se\u00f1a les anal\u00f3gicas a un flujo de bits  digitales, tomando muestras de la se\u00f1al de voz (audio) miles de veces por segundo, lo que  se conoce como Muestreo ( sampling ), por ejemplo, el codec G.711 toma 8,000 muestras  por segundo, convirtiendo cada peque\u00f1a muestra a un formato digital, es decir las muestras  se convierten en un flujo de bits ( bitstream ) digitales. Adicionalmente a la conversi\u00f3n el  codec tambi\u00e9n comprime el flujo de bits, y para su  transmisi\u00f3n se los divide en unidades de  informaci\u00f3n denominados  paquetes  <\/p>\n<p>En el proceso de conversi\u00f3n, existen muchas formas  de transformar la se\u00f1al  anal\u00f3gica de la voz a informaci\u00f3n digital, los cual es se rigen por varios est\u00e1ndares. El  proceso de conversi\u00f3n generalmente se basa en la  modulaci\u00f3n por impulsos codificados  (MIC o PCM por sus siglas en Ingl\u00e9s  Pulse Code Modulation ), o en alguna variante.   <\/p>\n<p>\n<div id=\"rev_slider_3_1_wrapper\" class=\"rev_slider_wrapper fullwidthbanner-container\" style=\"float:left;background-color:#E9E9E9;padding:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;\">\n<!-- START REVOLUTION SLIDER 5.0.9 auto mode -->\n\t<div id=\"rev_slider_3_1\" class=\"rev_slider fullwidthabanner\" style=\"display:none;\" data-version=\"5.0.9\">\n<ul>\t<!-- SLIDE  -->\n\t<li data-index=\"rs-28\" data-transition=\"random\" data-slotamount=\"7\"  data-easein=\"default\" data-easeout=\"default\" data-masterspeed=\"300\"  data-thumb=\"\"  data-rotate=\"0\"  data-saveperformance=\"off\"  class=\"voipswitch videos subtitulos\" id=\"voipswitch videos subtitulos\" voipswitch videos subtitulos data-title=\"SubtitulosTexto\" data-description=\"\">\n\t\t<!-- MAIN IMAGE -->\n\t\t<img src=\"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/revslider\/admin\/assets\/images\/dummy.png\"  alt=\"\"  width=\"879\" height=\"51\" data-lazyload=\"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/revslider\/admin\/assets\/images\/transparent.png\" data-bgposition=\"center top\" data-bgfit=\"cover\" data-bgrepeat=\"no-repeat\" class=\"rev-slidebg\" data-no-retina>\n\t\t<!-- LAYERS -->\n\n\t\t<!-- LAYER NR. 1 -->\n\t\t<div class=\"tp-caption   tp-resizeme\" \n\t\t\t id=\"slide-28-layer-2\" \n\t\t\t data-x=\"\" \n\t\t\t data-y=\"1\" \n\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-width=\"['none','none','none','none']\"\n\t\t\tdata-height=\"['none','none','none','none']\"\n\t\t\tdata-transform_idle=\"o:1;\"\n \n\t\t\t data-transform_in=\"opacity:0;s:300;e:Power2.easeInOut;\" \n\t\t\t data-transform_out=\"opacity:0;s:300;s:300;\" \n\t\t\tdata-start=\"500\" \n\t\t\tdata-responsive_offset=\"on\" \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tstyle=\"z-index: 5;\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rs-looped disabled\" ><img src=\"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/revslider\/admin\/assets\/images\/dummy.png\" alt=\"\" data-ww=\"879\" data-hh=\"51\" data-lazyload=\"https:\/\/www.servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/fondo-en-degradado-con-signod-copia.jpg\" data-no-retina> \n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<!-- LAYER NR. 2 -->\n\t\t<div class=\"tp-caption mediumbgorange   tp-resizeme\" \n\t\t\t id=\"slide-28-layer-1\" \n\t\t\t data-x=\"6\" \n\t\t\t data-y=\"5\" \n\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-width=\"['653']\"\n\t\t\tdata-height=\"['41']\"\n\t\t\tdata-transform_idle=\"o:1;\"\n \n\t\t\t data-transform_in=\"opacity:0;s:300;e:Power3.easeInOut;\" \n\t\t\t data-transform_out=\"auto:auto;s:300;\" \n\t\t\tdata-start=\"500\" \n\t\t\tdata-splitin=\"none\" \n\t\t\tdata-splitout=\"none\" \n\t\t\tdata-responsive_offset=\"on\" \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tstyle=\"z-index: 6; 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Toma valores instant\u00e1neos de una se\u00f1al anal\u00f3gica en intervalos iguales de tiempo, a  estos valores tomados se los denomina muestras.<br \/>\n\u2022\tCuantificaci\u00f3n ( quantization ).  Asigna valores discretos a las amplitudes de las mu estras.<br \/>\n\u2022\tCodificaci\u00f3n ( codification ).  Representa una muestra cuantificada en un n\u00famero bi nario, es decir mediante  c\u00f3digos preestablecidos, la se\u00f1al anal\u00f3gica se tran sformar\u00e1 en un tren de impulsos  de se\u00f1al digital (sucesi\u00f3n de ceros y unos).   <\/p>\n<p>En el otro extremo de la comunicaci\u00f3n, un c\u00f3dec id\u00e9ntico convierte el flujo de bits  digitales en una se\u00f1al anal\u00f3gica, es decir las 8,00 0 muestras son reconstruidas, los pedazos  de audio que se perdieron entre el medio de estas muestras, son tan peque\u00f1os que es  imposible ser percibido por el o\u00eddo humano, pr\u00e1cticamente se escucha como una sucesi\u00f3n  continua de audio. La frecuencia de muestreo (fm) e n VoIP depende del codec que se est\u00e9  utilizando, por lo general existen las siguientes frecuencias de muestreo:<br \/>\n\u2022\t64.000 muestras por segundo (fm = 64 kHz).<br \/>\n\u2022\t32.000 muestras por segundo (fm = 32 kHz).<br \/>\n\u2022\t8.000 muestras por segundo (fm = 8 kHz).    <\/p>\n<p>Tomado de:<br \/>\nVictor Hugo, L.Ch.(2011). An\u00e1lisis de la paquetizaci\u00f3n de voz sobre ip, empleando el protocolo de inicio de session SIP con back to back user agent (B2BUA) en un aplicaci\u00f3n sobre redes wi-fi. (tesis de pregrado). Escuela Polit\u00e9cnica del Ejercito. Sangolqu\u00ed, Ecuador.<\/p>\n<p>Fuente:<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/repositorio.espe.edu.ec\/bitstream\/21000\/4845\/1\/T-ESPE-032947.pdf<\/p>\n<h2>Emprendiendo en la Telefon\u00eda por Internet<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.servervoip.com\/voipswitch\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.servimatango.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/empresa-de-telefonia-voip.png\" alt=\"empresa-de-telefonia-voip\" width=\"713\" height=\"449\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4717\" srcset=\"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/empresa-de-telefonia-voip.png 713w, https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/empresa-de-telefonia-voip-150x94.png 150w, https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/empresa-de-telefonia-voip-300x189.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 713px) 100vw, 713px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n[st_button button_text=\u00bb SOLICITA TU SERVER AHORA ?\u00bb button_type_url=\u00bbhttp:\/\/www.servervoip.com\/voipswitch-comprar.php?server=50_promo\u00bb open_in=\u00bbnew_window\u00bb icon=\u00bbfa fa-shopping-cart\u00bb button_alignment=\u00bbcenter\u00bb button_margin_top=\u00bb-50&#8243; button_size=\u00bbbtn-lg\u00bb button_color=\u00bbbtn-blue\u00bb appearing_animation=\u00bbfade_in\u00bb wrapper_padding_top=\u00bb0&#8243; wrapper_padding_left=\u00bb0&#8243; wrapper_padding_bottom=\u00bb0&#8243; wrapper_padding_right=\u00bb0&#8243; wrapper_bg_opacity_slider=\u00bb\u00bb id_wrapper=\u00bbelm_5c828b819fdb1&#8243; ][\/st_button]<br \/>\n&nbsp;<br \/>\nMientras Algunos se pasan Observando los Logros de Otros; T\u00da Trabajas por el Tuyo.<\/p>\n<p>Y T\u00fa, \u00bfTienes lo Que le Hace Falta para Ser un VERDADERO EMPRENDEDOR@?<\/p>\n<p>Tu Empresa de Telefon\u00eda VoIP est\u00e1 dise\u00f1ada para que administres, gestiones y monitorees sus herramientas sin complicaciones o necesidad de conocimientos t\u00e9cnicos.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Genera <strong>CLIENTES<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>Ingresa <strong>PROVEEDORES<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>Forma <strong>DISTRIBUIDORES<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>ServerVoip <\/strong>presenta el mejor server fisico dedicado para telefonia voip que incluye el software de telefon\u00eda ip \u00abVoipSwitch\u00bb especial para voz sobre ip.<\/p>\n<p><strong>VoipSwitch <\/strong>es la plataforma ideal para que sin necesidad de conocimientos t\u00e9cnicos crees tu propia empresa de Telefon\u00eda IP VoIP y encuentres una forma de ganar DINERO en la red siendo carrier de telefon\u00eda sobre Ip (Voip). <\/p>\n<p>Te brindamos todas las herramientas para que est\u00e9s al nivel de las grandes empresas y negocios; puedas obsequiar llamadas gratis como estrategia de marketing en fidelizaci\u00f3n a tus clientes \/ free entre tus clientes; el servidor VoIP te permite utilizar m\u00faltiples proveedores como nosotros tenemos <a href=\"http:\/\/www.alosip.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> www.alosip.com.<\/a> (carrier \/ routes) para un mismo destino, vender terminaci\u00f3n (wholesale), clientes finales (retail), etc.<\/p>\n<p>El software te proporciona todo lo que necesitas; sistema llave en mano: para crear tu empresa de telefon\u00eda IP (VoIP) bajo tu propio nombre o marca. M\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n en  <a href=\"http:\/\/marcablanca.servervoip.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">marcaBlanca.servervoip.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Para que CREES y DESARROLLES tu propia empresa de telefonia por internet, revisa m\u00e1s detalles en <a href=\"http:\/\/www.servervoip.com\/voipswitch\/\">VoIPSwitch<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00bfQuieres Emprender por Internet?<\/h1>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00abAhora Trabajar desde la Comodidad de tu Casa y Ganar Dinero por Internet&#8230; Nunca Hab\u00eda Sido tan F\u00e1cil, R\u00e1pido y con RESULTADOS Impresionantes\u00bb<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Descubre el NEGOCIO Perfecto y convi\u00e9rtete en un EMPRESARIO de \u00c9xito creando y desarrollando tu Propia Empresa de Telefon\u00eda por Internet. <strong>Suscr\u00edbete y RECIBE FREE<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a1Sie7e Poderosas Razones Que Tiene el EMPRENDEDOR Exitoso para Crear su Propia Empresa de Telefon\u00eda por Internet VoIP!&#8230;<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1229 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/servimatango.com\/negocios-rentables\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/libro-server-voip-241x300.png\" alt=\"libro server voip\" width=\"241\" height=\"300\" \/><br \/>\n[st_accordion div_margin_bottom=\u00bb15&#8243; initial_open=\u00bb0&#8243; multi_open=\u00bbyes\u00bb wrapper_padding_top=\u00bb0&#8243; wrapper_padding_left=\u00bb0&#8243; wrapper_padding_bottom=\u00bb0&#8243; wrapper_padding_right=\u00bb0&#8243; wrapper_bg_opacity_slider=\u00bb\u00bb wrapper_bg_opacity=\u00bb50&#8243; wrapper_border_style=\u00bboutset\u00bb wrapper_rounded_topleft=\u00bb3&#8243; id_wrapper=\u00bbelm_5c828b0bd3fa6&#8243; ][st_item_accordion heading=\u00bb<img class=aligncenter src=http:\/\/servimatango.com\/negocios-rentables\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Boton-descarga-reporte.gif alt=Reporte width=500 height=145 \/>\u00bb id_wrapper=\u00bbelm_5c828b0bd3f58&#8243; ]<center><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"http:\/\/app.getresponse.com\/view_webform.js?wid=10619501&#038;u=kSvx\"><\/script><\/center>[\/st_item_accordion][\/st_accordion]<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.servimatango.com\/blog\/desventajas-telefonia-ip\/\">Desventajas al Usar la Telefonia por Internet (VoIP)<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Los codecs trabajan utilizando algoritmos avanzados permitiendo tomar las muestras, ordenas, comprimir y empaquetar los datos. El algor itmo m\u00e1s com\u00fan en aplicaciones VoIP es el algoritmo CS-ACELP (Conj\u00fagate Structure Algebraic Code Excite d Linear Prediction ), este algoritmo tambi\u00e9n ayuda a organizar el anch o de banda disponible. En el anexo B del algoritmo&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"excerpt-read-more btn btn-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/funcionamiento-de-los-codecs-en-voip\/\" title=\"ReadFuncionamiento de los codecs en VoIP\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5222,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"video","meta":[],"categories":[13],"tags":[967,133,968,969,970,18],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5247"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5247"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5247\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5222"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5247"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5247"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/servervoip.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5247"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}